BSc First Year (Sem 1 & 2) Microbiology – Daily Revision MCQ (English Medium)
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Who disproved the theory of spontaneous generation with the swan-neck (S-shaped neck) flask experiment?
Chapter 1: History and Scope of Microbiology
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Answer: A. Louis Pasteur
Pasteur showed that boiled broth in a swan-neck flask stayed free of microbes because dust-borne germs were trapped in the curved neck.In filamentous cyanobacteria such as Anabaena and Nostoc, the main function of the heterocyst is:
Chapter 3: Actinomycetes and Cyanobacteria
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Answer: C. nitrogen fixation
Heterocysts are thick-walled cells lacking oxygen-evolving photosystem II, giving the nitrogenase enzyme an oxygen-free site to fix nitrogen.An electron microscope can resolve much finer detail than a light microscope because it uses:
Chapter 4: Microscopy
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Answer: B. a beam of electrons, whose wavelength is far shorter than that of visible light
Resolution depends on wavelength; electrons have a far shorter wavelength than light, so much smaller objects (e.g. viruses) can be resolved.The filament of a bacterial flagellum is made of which protein?
Chapter 5: Structure of the Bacterial Cell
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Answer: D. Flagellin
The bacterial flagellar filament is built from subunits of the protein flagellin; tubulin forms eukaryotic flagella (microtubules).Which compound, present in large amounts in the core of a bacterial endospore, is linked to its high heat resistance?
Chapter 7: Bacterial Endospore and Sporulation
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Answer: D. Calcium dipicolinate (dipicolinic acid)
The endospore core is rich in calcium dipicolinate, which with low water content helps make the spore highly heat resistant.Work with highly dangerous exotic agents such as the Ebola virus, for which no vaccine or cure is generally available, requires which biosafety level?
Chapter 10: Laboratory Safety and Biosafety Levels
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Answer: A. BSL-4
BSL-4 is the highest containment level, used for life-threatening agents like Ebola that spread easily and have no routine treatment.In a protein, neighbouring amino acids are joined to each other by:
Chapter 11: Chemical Basis of Microbiology: Biomolecules
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Answer: C. peptide bonds
The carboxyl group of one amino acid reacts with the amino group of the next, releasing water and forming a peptide (amide) bond.The cell wall of most true fungi is made mainly of:
Chapter 16: General Characters of Fungi and Yeasts
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Answer: B. chitin
True fungi have cell walls of chitin (with glucans); peptidoglycan and teichoic acid belong to bacterial walls, lignin to woody plants.Malaria in humans is caused by which protozoan?
Chapter 17: General Characters of Algae and Protozoa
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Answer: A. Plasmodium
Malaria is caused by species of Plasmodium, spread by the bite of the female Anopheles mosquito.Which bacterium lives in the root nodules of leguminous plants and fixes atmospheric nitrogen?
Chapter 19: Beneficial and Harmful Activities of Microorganisms
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Answer: C. Rhizobium
Rhizobium forms a symbiosis in legume root nodules, converting atmospheric N₂ into ammonia the plant can use.
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All questions are written by PadhaiNotes in our own words from the common syllabus of Maharashtra universities (NEP). Your own university's syllabus may differ a little.