BA First Year (Sem 1 & 2) Sociology – Daily Revision MCQ (English Medium)
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Who coined the term 'sociology' and is called the father of sociology?
Chapter 2: Emergence of Sociology
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Answer: C. Auguste Comte
The French thinker Auguste Comte coined the word 'sociology' (in his Course of Positive Philosophy) and is known as its father.The concepts Gemeinschaft (community) and Gesellschaft (society/association) were given by:
Chapter 4: Society, Community and Association
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Answer: C. Ferdinand Tönnies
Ferdinand Tönnies (1887) contrasted close, personal Gemeinschaft ties with formal, contract-based Gesellschaft ties.The concept of the 'primary group' (family, play group, neighbourhood) was given by:
Chapter 5: Social Groups
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Answer: B. C. H. Cooley
Charles Horton Cooley introduced the primary group: small, face-to-face, intimate groups like the family.A status a person gets by birth, without any effort, such as sex or caste, is called:
Chapter 6: Social Structure, Status and Role
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Answer: B. Ascribed status
Ascribed status is given by birth (sex, age, caste); achieved status is earned by one's own effort (doctor, teacher).The theory of 'cultural lag', where non-material culture falls behind material culture, was given by:
Chapter 8: Culture
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Answer: A. W. F. Ogburn
William F. Ogburn (1922) said non-material culture (values, laws) changes more slowly than material culture (technology), creating a lag.What is meant by 'endogamy'?
Chapter 10: Social Institutions: Family, Marriage and Religion
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Answer: A. Marriage within one's own group, such as caste
Endogamy is the rule of marrying within one's own group (e.g. caste); marrying outside the clan is exogamy.According to Max Weber, the three dimensions of social stratification are class, status and:
Chapter 13: Social Stratification
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Answer: D. Party (power)
Weber explained stratification through class (economic), status (social honour) and party (political power).A clerk moves from one bank to another bank as a clerk again. This is an example of:
Chapter 14: Social Mobility
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Answer: B. Horizontal mobility
Changing position at the same level, without rising or falling in rank, is horizontal mobility (P. A. Sorokin).Which of the following is a means of FORMAL social control?
Chapter 16: Social Control
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Answer: C. Law
Formal control works through written law, police and courts; folkways, customs and gossip are informal means.In Merton's strain theory, a person who accepts cultural goals (like wealth) but uses illegitimate means (like cheating) shows:
Chapter 17: Conformity and Deviance
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Answer: D. Innovation
Merton called acceptance of goals with rejection of legitimate means 'innovation'; ritualism keeps the means but drops the goals.
BA First Year (Sem 1 & 2): MCQ in other subjects
All questions are written by PadhaiNotes in our own words from the common syllabus of Maharashtra universities (NEP). Your own university's syllabus may differ a little.